Simple Yoga Protocol to stay healthy

 

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Top inventor Ayush Nigam- Profile 19/100 (2025)

 

The UDP (Urea Deep Placement) technology is a simple, farmer-friendly technology with two key elements (i) a large-sized fertilizer particle of 1-3 grams by weight, referred to as a urea super granule (USG) or briquette, and (ii) point placement of the briquette at 7-10cm depth near the root zone. Through the UDP technology, the avenues for N losses are reduced, and improved N uptake by the plant is possible. Studies have shown that the UDP technology is a highly effective soil nutrient management strategy, enabling farmers to achieve higher crop yields (25-50%) with lower use of fertilizers (15-25%), reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emission (30-85%) by inhibiting nitrification up to seven weeks.

Despite documented agronomic superiority and socio-economic benefits of UDP, the adoption has been stagnant in the developing countries due to additional field operation to hand-press UDP in soil in absence of  suitable machinery for which labor, time and human energy are required. Secondly, the UDP was managing the single plant nutrient (N), whereas other plant nutrients were still being broadcast on the soil surface. IFDC along with the national agriculture research system in India has conducted more than 2000 farmer participatory research trials in different agro-ecologies to evaluate the mechanized FDP in rice, mustard, tomato and brinjal crops, using ZT-FDP and PT-FDP machines.

https://ifdc.org/2023/04/18/innovations-in-the-mechanization-of-fertilizer-

deep-placement/

Innovation

Distinct Horizon has patented DH Vriddhi, a tool that helps farmers place

fertilizers deep into the soil, using the Urea Deep Placement (UDP) technique

thereby reducing the use of fertilizers by 30-40 percent while increasing

crop productivity. They developed an applicator, a machine that would place

fertilizers deep into the soil. To develop the overall product, it also worked

with IDEO.org for designing and manufacturing the machine. With a

factory in Lucknow, DH Vriddhi, is designed in a way that can be integrated

with tractors and power-tillers. The design also allows the machine to place

fertilizer pellets at a depth of three inches below the soil and cover an acre in

30-45 minutes and is 60 times more efficient than conventional methods.

Patent(s)

Briquette placement machine, WO2016203496A1 (2016) Inventor-Ayush

NIGAM,Swapnil KUMAR , Arpit DHUPAR ,Rishabh AWASTHI

Deep agricultural implantation device, WO2021019317A1,

(2020), Inventor -Ayush NIGAM ,Santosh Kumar, Vishal Jain, Bheem

Kumar,JAISWAL, Shiv Chandra VERMA

Fertilizer/seeds placement machine, WO2017179074A1 (2016)

Inventor -Ayush NIGAM, Arpit DHUPAR, Swapnil KUMAR, Santosh

Kumar, Vidur VIJ

Deep placement applicator, WO2022034618A1 (2021), Inventor-

Ayush NIGAM, Vishal Jain, Santosh Kumar, Bheem Kumar JAISWAL

,Shiv Chandra VERMA

Commercialisation

After working with farmers across six states for four years, the team learnt

that in order to convince farmers to shift to a much superior practice,

demonstrations must be conducted locally.

https://www.distincthorizon.net/productsGROWiT, Saurabh Agarwal (Mulch film) Sur

Farmer Capitalists of Andhra build capital city Amaravati

In April 2026, the Parliament of India formally granted legal status to Amaravati as the sole permanent capital of Andhra Pradesh, aiming to provide statutory, long-term stability and end years of legal, political, and developmental uncertainty. The roots of farmers sacrifice has long tradion.

The farmer-capitalists of coastal Andhra Pradesh. Economic and Political Weekly 23 (27& 28): 1376–82, 1433–42, 1988. Carol Boyak Upadhya 

The author traces the rise of a new class of businessman out of the class of capitalist farmers in coastal Andhra Pradesh and explores some of its social and economic characteristics. The research project consists of in depth interviews with about 50 businessmen in Vizag who came from landowning and cultivating families of coastal Andhra. These businessmen are engaged in a wide variety of activities. The largest number are small industrialists followed by contractors, trawler operators and traders. Almost all entrepreneurs started out as small businessmen and their business constituted as partnership firm. All business activities by this class started after 1950. They tended to invest in non-industrial and low capital types of business. Most did not have sufficient capital in the beginning to start industries larger than small scale but those who have made money in other businesses particularly trade and contracting do look for better opportunities for industrial investment. Much of the capital comes from agricultural land. Agricultural profit is reinvested in business but sale of land is not uncommon.

Dominant caste and territory in South India: The case of the Kammas of Andhra Pradesh, Dalel Benbabaali (https://www.scribd.com/document/321971646/Princeton-Talk-on-Kamma-Caste)

Kammas are widely perceived as the new business class though trading is not their caste profession. Kammas’ early history is associated with buddhism, which was very influential in the Krishna valley in the 3rd century. According to epigraphical records, the Krishna delta area at that time was known as Kammanadu, and the main farming community living there was called Kamma. But it is only after the 10th century that the name Kamma started referring to a specific Hindu agrarian caste. Most Kammas were small farmers, but some of them worked as soldiers for the Kakatiya kings of Warangal. During the Vijayanagar empire, more and more Kamma farmers were employed as soldiers, and even as army commanders, to participate in the conquest of the Tamil country. At that time, war was the main migration factor, and this explains the presence today of a large Kamma community in Tamil Nadu, which is the consequence of military migrations from the 15th century onwards. In times of peace, the Kamma settlers engaged in agricultural activities on the conquered territories of South India. The commercialisation of agriculture in Coastal Andhra led to the development of transportation infrastructures, urban growth and industrialisation. The small town of Vijayawada became a thriving commercial market and an important railway junction. Kamma farmers diversified their activities by migrating to urban areas while keeping land in their villages. They used their agricultural surplus to invest in bus companies or in food processing industries like rice mills and sugar factories. They also started commercialising their own agricultural production and became moneylenders, thus bypassing the traditional merchant castes and business communities. This process of capital accumulation by the rich Kamma farmers led to an increased polarisation of the agrarian social structure, with the emergence of a class of Kulaks within the Andhra peasantry. 

The development of an entrepreneur class is not a function merely of economic forces but also of social and political history of the region and particularly of the dominant landowning castes. They played an important role in the emergence of the new business class. For many coastal – Andhra framers the type of trade in which they engaged is more likely a capitalist enterprise than traditional bazar trading.

Read the book-https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329040206_Andhra_Entrepreneurs_Past_Present_and_Future