Indian Government is reported contemplating restriction on import of Chinese Power Tillers. India has been assembling power tillers for decades and most of them are based on Japanese technology.
This case explains how Japan developed Power Tiller/ Walking type tractor.
The evolution of the walking type tractor occurred in three phases. The first phase involved the actual transfer of technology from abroad. Garden tractors such as Bee Man, Utilitar and Simar were imported in the early 1920s and demonstration of cultivation was performed in some prefectures. The imported tractors turned out to be inappropriate for the natural, economic, and social conditions of Japanese agriculture. The import of garden tractors thus ended within a short period. The second phase saw the invention of a Japanese type tractor called the "power tiller." It incorporated some of the designs of imported garden tractors built before World War II. The power tiller was subject to several defects and was used only in limited areas. This led to the third phase in which walking type tractors were invented and widely diffused. These tractors signified the completion of an appropriate technology for Japanese agriculture. The defects of the power tillers were corrected and hand tractors and tailor type tractors were also developed with reference to imported garden tractors. The quality of these walking type tractors were good enough to replace draft animals completely. These walking type tractors were diffused at a high speed and reached their peak in 1974 when 3.4 million such tractors were in use in Japan. Export of the walking type tractors started increasing in the mid-1960s. In 1982 about 30 percent of the total production of walking type tractors was exported.
The Role o the Public Sector in the Development f of the Walking Type Tractor
Pre-War period: an agricultural experiment station carried out a comparative examination of imported garden tractors in 1922. Although the results of the study suggested that imported garden tractors were not well suited to Japanese agriculture, the study made clear the importance of developing a cultivating machine which was adapted to local agricultural conditions. Secondly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry promoted the diffusion of the power tiller by holding national machinery and implements fairs.
Post-war period:With the enactment of the Farm Mechanization Promotion Law in 1 9_ 53, the farm machinery testing scheme was legalized.Secondly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry entrusted the Okayama Prefectural Experiment Station to conduct research on small-scale power tillers from 1947~48. In this way, the transmission clutch was improved and engines were made smaller and lighter.
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This case explains how Japan developed Power Tiller/ Walking type tractor.
The evolution of the walking type tractor occurred in three phases. The first phase involved the actual transfer of technology from abroad. Garden tractors such as Bee Man, Utilitar and Simar were imported in the early 1920s and demonstration of cultivation was performed in some prefectures. The imported tractors turned out to be inappropriate for the natural, economic, and social conditions of Japanese agriculture. The import of garden tractors thus ended within a short period. The second phase saw the invention of a Japanese type tractor called the "power tiller." It incorporated some of the designs of imported garden tractors built before World War II. The power tiller was subject to several defects and was used only in limited areas. This led to the third phase in which walking type tractors were invented and widely diffused. These tractors signified the completion of an appropriate technology for Japanese agriculture. The defects of the power tillers were corrected and hand tractors and tailor type tractors were also developed with reference to imported garden tractors. The quality of these walking type tractors were good enough to replace draft animals completely. These walking type tractors were diffused at a high speed and reached their peak in 1974 when 3.4 million such tractors were in use in Japan. Export of the walking type tractors started increasing in the mid-1960s. In 1982 about 30 percent of the total production of walking type tractors was exported.
The Role o the Public Sector in the Development f of the Walking Type Tractor
Pre-War period: an agricultural experiment station carried out a comparative examination of imported garden tractors in 1922. Although the results of the study suggested that imported garden tractors were not well suited to Japanese agriculture, the study made clear the importance of developing a cultivating machine which was adapted to local agricultural conditions. Secondly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry promoted the diffusion of the power tiller by holding national machinery and implements fairs.
Post-war period:With the enactment of the Farm Mechanization Promotion Law in 1 9_ 53, the farm machinery testing scheme was legalized.Secondly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry entrusted the Okayama Prefectural Experiment Station to conduct research on small-scale power tillers from 1947~48. In this way, the transmission clutch was improved and engines were made smaller and lighter.
Down load the paper.
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